_______________________________________________________ Name Here TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS: T F 1) A processor manages the computer operations and data processing functions. T F 2) Data is usually moved between the computer and its outside environment by means of a system bus. T F 3) Typically cache memory is out of view or not accessible to the OS. T F 4) A processor is blocked from executing other instructions if a previously-initiated I/O operation is underway regardless of interrupt capabilities. T F 5) Communications interrupts are blocked during interrupts for printer activity 6) The four main structural elements of a computer system are: A) Processor, Main Memory, I/O Modules and System Bus B) Processor, I/O Modules, System Bus and Secondary Memory C) Processor, Registers, Main Memory and System Bus D) Processor, Registers, I/O Modules and Main Memory 7) Storage place for the address of the instruction to be fetched that will execute next. A) Accumulator (AC) B) Instruction Register (IR) C) Instruction Counter (IC) D) Program Counter (PC) 8) The __________ contains the data to be written into memory and receives the data read from memory. A) I/O address register B) memory address register C) I/O buffer register D) memory buffer register 9) Instruction processing consists of two steps: A) fetch and execute B) instruction and execute C) instruction and halt D) fetch and instruction 10) The ___________ routine determines the nature of the interrupt and performs whatever actions are needed. A) interrupt handler B) instruction signal C) program handler D) interrupt signal Fill-in the blanks 11) The __________ is a device for staging the movement of data between main memory and processor registers to improve performance and is not usually visible to the programmer or processor. 12) External, nonvolatile memory is also referred to as __________________ or auxiliary memory. 13) In a _______________ multiprocessor all processors can perform the same functions so the failure of a single processor does not halt the machine. TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS: T F 14) A process consists of three components: an executable program, the associated data needed by the program, and the execution context of the program. T F 15) Uniprogramming typically provides better utilization of system resources than multiprogramming. T F 16) A monolithic kernel is implemented as a single process with all elements sharing the same address space. T F 17) The user has direct access to the processor with a batch-processing type of OS. T F 18) Multiprogramming us used by batch processing and time-sharing. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS: 19) The __________ is the interface that is the boundary between hardware and software. A) ABI B) ISA C) IAS D) API   20) A(n) __________ is a set of resources for the movement, storage, and processing of data and for the control of these functions. A) architecture B) program C) computer D) application 21) The operating system's __________ refers to its inherent flexibility in permitting functional modifications to the system without interfering with service. A) efficiency B) ability to evolve C) controlled access D) convenience 22) Operating systems must evolve over time because: A) new hardware is designed and implemented in the computer system B) hardware must be replaced when it fails C) hardware is hierarchical D) users will only purchase software that has a current copyright date 23) Hardware features desirable in a batch-processing operating system include memory protection, timer, privileged instructions, and __________ . A) clock cycles B) associated data C) interrupts D) kernels TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS: T F 24) The OS may create a process on behalf of an application. T F 25) Swapping is not an I/O operation so it will not enhance performance. T F 26) If a system does not employ virtual memory each process to be executed must be fully loaded into main memory. T F 27) A process that is not in main memory is immediately available for execution, regardless of whether or not it is awaiting an event. T F 28) The OS may suspend a process if it detects or suspects a problem. 29) It is the principal responsibility of the __________ to control the execution of processes. A) OS B) process control block C) memory D) dispatcher 30) When one process spawns another, the spawned process is referred to as the __________ . A) trap process B) child process C) stack process D) parent process 31) __________ involves moving part or all of a process from main memory to disk. A) Swapping B) Relocating C) Suspending D) Blocking 32) When a process is in the _________ state it is in secondary memory but is available for execution as soon as it is loaded into main memory. A) Blocked B) Blocked/Suspend C) Ready D) Ready/Suspend 33) The _________ is the less-privileged mode. A) user mode B) kernel mode C) system mode D) control mode TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS: T F 34) It takes less time to terminate a process than a thread. T F 35) An example of an application that could make use of threads is a file server. T F 36) Termination of a process does not terminate all threads within that process. T F 37) Any alteration of a resource by one thread affects the environment of the other threads in the same process. T F 38) Windows is an example of a kernel-level thread approach. 39) The traditional approach of a single thread of execution per process, in which the concept of a thread is not recognized, is referred to as a __________ . A) task B) resource C) single-threaded approach D) lightweight process 40) A _________ is a single execution path with an execution stack, processor state, and scheduling information. A) domain B) strand C) thread D) message 41) A __________ is a dispatchable unit of work that executes sequentially and is interruptible so that the processor can turn to another thread. A) port B) process C) token D) thread 42) A __________ is an entity corresponding to a user job or application that owns resources such as memory and open files. A) task B) process C) thread D) token 43) A Windows process must contain at least _________ thread(s) to execute. A) four B) three C) two D) one TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS: T F 44) The central themes of operating system design are all concerned with the management of processes and threads. T F 45) It is possible in a single-processor system to not only interleave the execution of multiple processes but also to overlap them. T F 46) Concurrent processes do not come into conflict with each other when they are competing for the use of the same resource. T F 47) A process that is waiting for access to a critical section does not consume processor time. T F 48) It is possible for one process to lock the mutex and for another process to unlock it. 49) The management of multiple processes within a uniprocessor system is __________ . A) multiprogramming B) structured applications C) distributed processing D) multiprocessing 50) A situation in which a runnable process is overlooked indefinitely by the scheduler, although it is able to proceed, is _________ . A) mutual exclusion B) deadlock C) starvation D) livelock 51) A _________ is an integer value used for signaling among processes. A) semaphore B) message C) mutex D) atomic operation 52) A situation in which two or more processes are unable to proceed because each is waiting for one of the others to do something is a _____deadlock___ . TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS: T F 53) All deadlocks involve conflicting needs for resources by two or more processes. T F 54) For deadlock to occur, there must not only be a fatal region, but also a sequence of resource requests that has led into the fatal region. T F 55) Deadlock avoidance requires knowledge of future process resource requests. T F 55) An atomic operation executes without interruption and without interference. T F 57) Deadlock avoidance is more restrictive than deadlock prevention. 58) A set of processes is _________ when each process in the set is blocked awaiting an event that can only be triggered by another blocked process in the set. A) spinlocked B) stagnant C) preempted D) deadlocked 59) Examples of __________ include processors, I/O channels, main and secondary memory, devices, and data structures such as files, databases, and semaphores. A) regional resources B) joint resources C) reusable resources D) consumable resources 60) The strategy of deadlock _________ is to design a system in such a way that the possibility of deadlock is excluded. A) prevention B) detection C) diversion D) avoidance TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS: T F 61) In a uniprogramming system main memory is divided into two parts. T F 62) The use of unequal size partitions provides a degree of flexibility to fixed partitioning. T F 63) In a multiprogramming system the available main memory is not generally shared among a number of processes. T F 64) Programs in other processes should not be able to reference memory locations in a process for reading or writing purposes without permission. T F 65) Any protection mechanism must have the flexibility to allow several processes to access the same portion of main memory. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS: 66) Main memory divided into a number of static partitions at system generation time is _______ . A) fixed partitioning B) simple segmentation C) dynamic partitioning D) simple paging 67) Main memory divided into a number of equal size frames is the __________ technique. A) simple paging B) dynamic partitioning C) fixed partitioning D) virtual memory segmentation 68) One technique for overcoming external fragmentation is __________ . A) loading B) compaction C) relocation D) partitioning 69) A ___________ is a particular example of logical address in which the address is expressed as a location relative to some known point, usually a value in a processor register. A) logical address B) relative address C) absolute address D) physical address 70) The chunks of a process are known as __________ . A) pages B) addresses C) frames D) segments TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS: T F 72) The size of virtual storage is limited by the actual number of main storage locations. T F 73) Virtual memory allows for very effective multiprogramming and relieves the user of the unnecessarily tight constraints of main memory. T F 74) The smaller the page size, the greater the amount of internal fragmentation. T F 75) The page currently stored in a frame may still be replaced even when the page is locked. 76) The address of a storage location in main memory is the __________ . A) address space B) virtual address space C) real address D) virtual address 77) __________ is the range of memory addresses available to a process. A) Address space B) Real address C) Virtual address D) Virtual address space 78) The _________ states the process that owns the page. A) process identifier B) control bits C) page number D) chain pointer 79) A _________ is issued if a desired page is not in main memory. A) paging error B) page replacement policy C) page fault D) page placement policy 80) The _________ determines when a page should be brought into main memory. A) page fault B) fetch policy C) working set D) resident set management 81) Complete the table below by putting T or F in each box (No mistakes = 5 point. Each mistake = -1 points) A B A v B (A or B) A ^ B (A and B) NOR Not (A or B) NAND Not (A and B) Not B Not A A XOR B (Exclusive or) T T T F F T F F CONVERSIONS 82) 111011102 = ________________10 (binary to decimal) 83) 25510 = _____________2 (decimal to binary)   84) (5 points) Using this instruction set: Opcode Definition 0 Halt 1 ADD 2 SUBTRACT 3 STORE 5 LOAD 6 BRANCH UNCONDITIONALLY 7 BRANCH ON ZERO 8 BRANCH ON POSITIVE 901 INPUT 902 OUTPUT Then looking at this program: Instruction# code Description of each action (comment here) 0 901 ____________________________________ 01 399 ____________________________________ 02 901 ____________________________________ 03 199 ____________________________________ 04 902 ____________________________________ 05 000 99 DAT Question: What does the above program do?   85. (5 points) Here’s a sample of how the LRU Algorithm works: SAMPLE ONLY – THIS TABLE IS ONLY A SAMPLE FOR YOU TO LOOK AT Pages needed 2 3 2 1 5 2 4 5 3 2 5 2 frame 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 frame 2 3 3 3 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 frame 3 1 1 1 4 4 4 2 2 2 F F F F BUT – FILL-OUT THIS ONE BELOW Fill-in the page numbers in the chart below when they’re needed by the LRU algorithm if given The stream of Pages needed as shown and put an “F” for page fault below this chart where they would occur (as shown in the SAMPLE above) Pages needed 2 3 4 1 3 4 5 3 2 2 5 1 frame 1 frame 2 frame 3

_______________________________________________________ Name Here TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS: T F 1) A processor manages the computer operations and data processing functions. T F 2) Data is usually moved between the computer and its outside environment by means of a system bus. T F 3) Typically cache memory is out of view or not accessible to the OS. T F 4) A processor is blocked from executing other instructions if a previously-initiated I/O operation is underway regardless of interrupt capabilities. T F 5) Communications interrupts are blocked during interrupts for printer activity 6) The four main structural elements of a computer system are: A) Processor, Main Memory, I/O Modules and System Bus B) Processor, I/O Modules, System Bus and Secondary Memory C) Processor, Registers, Main Memory and System Bus D) Processor, Registers, I/O Modules and Main Memory 7) Storage place for the address of the instruction to be fetched that will execute next. A) Accumulator (AC) B) Instruction Register (IR) C) Instruction Counter (IC) D) Program Counter (PC) 8) The __________ contains the data to be written into memory and receives the data read from memory. A) I/O address register B) memory address register C) I/O buffer register D) memory buffer register 9) Instruction processing consists of two steps: A) fetch and execute B) instruction and execute C) instruction and halt D) fetch and instruction 10) The ___________ routine determines the nature of the interrupt and performs whatever actions are needed. A) interrupt handler B) instruction signal C) program handler D) interrupt signal Fill-in the blanks 11) The __________ is a device for staging the movement of data between main memory and processor registers to improve performance and is not usually visible to the programmer or processor. 12) External, nonvolatile memory is also referred to as __________________ or auxiliary memory. 13) In a _______________ multiprocessor all processors can perform the same functions so the failure of a single processor does not halt the machine. TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS: T F 14) A process consists of three components: an executable program, the associated data needed by the program, and the execution context of the program. T F 15) Uniprogramming typically provides better utilization of system resources than multiprogramming. T F 16) A monolithic kernel is implemented as a single process with all elements sharing the same address space. T F 17) The user has direct access to the processor with a batch-processing type of OS. T F 18) Multiprogramming us used by batch processing and time-sharing. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS: 19) The __________ is the interface that is the boundary between hardware and software. A) ABI B) ISA C) IAS D) API   20) A(n) __________ is a set of resources for the movement, storage, and processing of data and for the control of these functions. A) architecture B) program C) computer D) application 21) The operating system's __________ refers to its inherent flexibility in permitting functional modifications to the system without interfering with service. A) efficiency B) ability to evolve C) controlled access D) convenience 22) Operating systems must evolve over time because: A) new hardware is designed and implemented in the computer system B) hardware must be replaced when it fails C) hardware is hierarchical D) users will only purchase software that has a current copyright date 23) Hardware features desirable in a batch-processing operating system include memory protection, timer, privileged instructions, and __________ . A) clock cycles B) associated data C) interrupts D) kernels TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS: T F 24) The OS may create a process on behalf of an application. T F 25) Swapping is not an I/O operation so it will not enhance performance. T F 26) If a system does not employ virtual memory each process to be executed must be fully loaded into main memory. T F 27) A process that is not in main memory is immediately available for execution, regardless of whether or not it is awaiting an event. T F 28) The OS may suspend a process if it detects or suspects a problem. 29) It is the principal responsibility of the __________ to control the execution of processes. A) OS B) process control block C) memory D) dispatcher 30) When one process spawns another, the spawned process is referred to as the __________ . A) trap process B) child process C) stack process D) parent process 31) __________ involves moving part or all of a process from main memory to disk. A) Swapping B) Relocating C) Suspending D) Blocking 32) When a process is in the _________ state it is in secondary memory but is available for execution as soon as it is loaded into main memory. A) Blocked B) Blocked/Suspend C) Ready D) Ready/Suspend 33) The _________ is the less-privileged mode. A) user mode B) kernel mode C) system mode D) control mode TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS: T F 34) It takes less time to terminate a process than a thread. T F 35) An example of an application that could make use of threads is a file server. T F 36) Termination of a process does not terminate all threads within that process. T F 37) Any alteration of a resource by one thread affects the environment of the other threads in the same process. T F 38) Windows is an example of a kernel-level thread approach. 39) The traditional approach of a single thread of execution per process, in which the concept of a thread is not recognized, is referred to as a __________ . A) task B) resource C) single-threaded approach D) lightweight process 40) A _________ is a single execution path with an execution stack, processor state, and scheduling information. A) domain B) strand C) thread D) message 41) A __________ is a dispatchable unit of work that executes sequentially and is interruptible so that the processor can turn to another thread. A) port B) process C) token D) thread 42) A __________ is an entity corresponding to a user job or application that owns resources such as memory and open files. A) task B) process C) thread D) token 43) A Windows process must contain at least _________ thread(s) to execute. A) four B) three C) two D) one TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS: T F 44) The central themes of operating system design are all concerned with the management of processes and threads. T F 45) It is possible in a single-processor system to not only interleave the execution of multiple processes but also to overlap them. T F 46) Concurrent processes do not come into conflict with each other when they are competing for the use of the same resource. T F 47) A process that is waiting for access to a critical section does not consume processor time. T F 48) It is possible for one process to lock the mutex and for another process to unlock it. 49) The management of multiple processes within a uniprocessor system is __________ . A) multiprogramming B) structured applications C) distributed processing D) multiprocessing 50) A situation in which a runnable process is overlooked indefinitely by the scheduler, although it is able to proceed, is _________ . A) mutual exclusion B) deadlock C) starvation D) livelock 51) A _________ is an integer value used for signaling among processes. A) semaphore B) message C) mutex D) atomic operation 52) A situation in which two or more processes are unable to proceed because each is waiting for one of the others to do something is a _____deadlock___ . TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS: T F 53) All deadlocks involve conflicting needs for resources by two or more processes. T F 54) For deadlock to occur, there must not only be a fatal region, but also a sequence of resource requests that has led into the fatal
region. T F 55) Deadlock avoidance requires knowledge of future process resource requests. T F 55) An atomic operation executes without interruption and without interference. T F 57) Deadlock avoidance is more restrictive than deadlock prevention. 58) A set of processes is _________ when each process in the set is blocked awaiting an event that can only be triggered by another blocked process in the set. A) spinlocked B) stagnant C) preempted D) deadlocked 59) Examples of __________ include processors, I/O channels, main and secondary memory, devices, and data structures such as files, databases, and semaphores. A) regional resources B) joint resources C) reusable resources D) consumable resources 60) The strategy of deadlock _________ is to design a system in such a way that the possibility of deadlock is excluded. A) prevention B) detection C) diversion D) avoidance TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS: T F 61) In a uniprogramming system main memory is divided into two parts. T F 62) The use of unequal size partitions provides a degree of flexibility to fixed partitioning. T F 63) In a multiprogramming system the available main memory is not generally shared among a number of processes. T F 64) Programs in other processes should not be able to reference memory locations in a process for reading or writing purposes without permission. T F 65) Any protection mechanism must have the flexibility to allow several processes to access the same portion of main memory. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS: 66) Main memory divided into a number of static partitions at system generation time is _______ . A) fixed partitioning B) simple segmentation C) dynamic partitioning D) simple paging 67) Main memory divided into a number of equal size frames is the __________ technique. A) simple paging B) dynamic partitioning C) fixed partitioning D) virtual memory segmentation 68) One technique for overcoming external fragmentation is __________ . A) loading B) compaction C) relocation D) partitioning 69) A ___________ is a particular example of logical address in which the address is expressed as a location relative to some known point, usually a value in a processor register. A) logical address B) relative address C) absolute address D) physical address 70) The chunks of a process are known as __________ . A) pages B) addresses C) frames D) segments TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS: T F 72) The size of virtual storage is limited by the actual number of main storage locations. T F 73) Virtual memory allows for very effective multiprogramming and relieves the user of the unnecessarily tight constraints of main memory. T F 74) The smaller the page size, the greater the amount of internal fragmentation. T F 75) The page currently stored in a frame may still be replaced even when the page is locked. 76) The address of a storage location in main memory is the __________ . A) address space B) virtual address space C) real address D) virtual address 77) __________ is the range of memory addresses available to a process. A) Address space B) Real address C) Virtual address D) Virtual address space 78) The _________ states the process that owns the page. A) process identifier B) control bits C) page number D) chain pointer 79) A _________ is issued if a desired page is not in main memory. A) paging error B) page replacement policy C) page fault D) page placement policy 80) The _________ determines when a page should be brought into main memory. A) page fault B) fetch policy C) working set D) resident set management 81) Complete the table below by putting T or F in each box (No mistakes = 5 point. Each mistake = -1 points) A B A v B (A or B) A ^ B (A and B) NOR Not (A or B) NAND Not (A and B) Not B Not A A XOR B (Exclusive or) T T T F F T F F CONVERSIONS 82) 111011102 = ________________10 (binary to decimal) 83) 25510 = _____________2 (decimal to binary)   84) (5 points) Using this instruction set: Opcode Definition 0 Halt 1 ADD 2 SUBTRACT 3 STORE 5 LOAD 6 BRANCH UNCONDITIONALLY 7 BRANCH ON ZERO 8 BRANCH ON POSITIVE 901 INPUT 902 OUTPUT Then looking at this program: Instruction# code Description of each action (comment here) 0 901 ____________________________________ 01 399 ____________________________________ 02 901 ____________________________________ 03 199 ____________________________________ 04 902 ____________________________________ 05 000 99 DAT Question: What does the above program do?   85. (5 points) Here’s a sample of how the LRU Algorithm works: SAMPLE ONLY – THIS TABLE IS ONLY A SAMPLE FOR YOU TO LOOK AT Pages needed 2 3 2 1 5 2 4 5 3 2 5 2 frame 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 frame 2 3 3 3 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 frame 3 1 1 1 4 4 4 2 2 2 F F F F BUT – FILL-OUT THIS ONE BELOW Fill-in the page numbers in the chart below when they’re needed by the LRU algorithm if given The stream of Pages needed as shown and put an “F” for page fault below this chart where they would occur (as shown in the SAMPLE above) Pages needed 2 3 4 1 3 4 5 3 2 2 5 1 frame 1 frame 2 frame 3. _______________________________________________________
 
Name Here
 
 
TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS:
 
 
T             F              1) A processor manages the computer operations and data processing functions.
 
T             F              2) Data is usually moved between the computer and its outside environment by means of a
system bus.
 
T             F              3) Typically cache memory is out of view or not accessible to the OS.
 
T             F              4) A processor is blocked from executing other instructions if a previously-initiated I/O
operation is underway regardless of interrupt capabilities.
 
T             F              5) Communications interrupts are blocked during interrupts for printer activity
 
 
 
6) The four main structural elements of a computer system are:
 

  1. A) Processor, Main Memory, I/O Modules and System Bus
  2. B) Processor, I/O Modules, System Bus and Secondary Memory
  3. C) Processor, Registers, Main Memory and System Bus
  4. D) Processor, Registers, I/O Modules and Main Memory

 
 
7) Storage place for the address of the instruction to be fetched that will execute next.
 

  1. A) Accumulator (AC) B) Instruction Register (IR)
  2. C) Instruction Counter (IC) D) Program Counter (PC)

 
 
8) The __________ contains the data to be written into memory and receives the data
read from memory.
 

  1. I/O address register B) memory address register
  2. C) I/O buffer register                 D) memory buffer register

 
 
9) Instruction processing consists of two steps:
 

  1. A) fetch and execute B) instruction and execute
  2. C) instruction and halt D) fetch and instruction

 
 
10) The ___________ routine determines the nature of the interrupt and performs whatever
actions are needed.
 

  1. A) interrupt handler B) instruction signal
  2. C) program handler D) interrupt signal

 
 
Fill-in the blanks
 
11) The __________ is a device for staging the movement of data between main memory and processor
registers to improve performance and is not usually visible to the programmer or processor.
 
12) External, nonvolatile memory is also referred to as __________________ or auxiliary memory.
 
13) In a _______________ multiprocessor all processors can perform the same functions so the failure of a
single processor does not halt the machine.
 
 
 
TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS:
 
T             F              14) A process consists of three components:  an executable program, the associated
data needed by the program, and the execution context of the program.
 
T             F              15) Uniprogramming typically provides better utilization of system resources than
multiprogramming.
 
T             F              16) A monolithic kernel is implemented as a single process with all elements sharing
the same address space.
 
T             F              17) The user has direct access to the processor with a batch-processing type of OS.
 
T             F              18) Multiprogramming us used by batch processing and time-sharing.
 
 
 
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS:
 
 
19) The __________ is the interface that is the boundary between hardware and software.
 

  1. A) ABI B) ISA
  2. C) IAS D) API

 
 
 
 
20) A(n) __________ is a set of resources for the movement, storage, and processing of data and for
the control of these functions.
 

  1. A) architecture B) program
  2. C) computer D) application

 
 
21) The operating system’s __________ refers to its inherent flexibility in permitting functional
modifications to the system without interfering with service.
 

  1. A) efficiency B) ability to evolve
  2. C) controlled access D) convenience

 
 
22) Operating systems must evolve over time because:
 

  1. A) new hardware is designed and implemented in the computer system
  2. B) hardware must be replaced when it fails
  3. C) hardware is hierarchical
  4. D) users will only purchase software that has a current copyright date

 
 
23) Hardware features desirable in a batch-processing operating system include memory
protection, timer, privileged instructions, and __________ .
 

  1. A) clock cycles B) associated data
  2. C) interrupts D) kernels

 
 
TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS:
 
 
T             F              24) The OS may create a process on behalf of an application.
 
T             F              25) Swapping is not an I/O operation so it will not enhance performance.
 
T             F              26) If a system does not employ virtual memory each process to be executed must be fully
loaded into main memory.
 
T             F              27) A process that is not in main memory is immediately available for execution, regardless
of whether or not it is awaiting an event.
 
T             F              28) The OS may suspend a process if it detects or suspects a problem.
 
 
 
29) It is the principal responsibility of the __________ to control the execution of processes.
 

  1. A) OS B) process control block
  2. C) memory D) dispatcher

 
 
30) When one process spawns another, the spawned process is referred to as the __________ .
 

  1. A) trap process B) child process
  2. C) stack process D) parent process

 
 
 
31) __________ involves moving part or all of a process from main memory to disk.
 

  1. A) Swapping B) Relocating
  2. C) Suspending D) Blocking

 
 
32) When a process is in the _________ state it is in secondary memory but is available for execution
as soon as it is loaded into main memory.
 

  1. A) Blocked B) Blocked/Suspend
  2. C) Ready D) Ready/Suspend

 
 
33) The _________ is the less-privileged mode.
 

  1. A) user mode B) kernel mode
  2. C) system mode D) control mode

 
 
 
TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS:
 
T             F              34) It takes less time to terminate a process than a thread.
 
T             F              35) An example of an application that could make use of threads is a file server.
 
T             F              36) Termination of a process does not terminate all threads within that process.
 
T             F              37) Any alteration of a resource by one thread affects the environment of the
other threads in the same process.
 
T             F              38) Windows is an example of a kernel-level thread approach.
 
 
 

  • The traditional approach of a single thread of execution per process, in which the concept of

a thread is not recognized, is referred to as a __________ .
 

  1. A) task B) resource
  2. C) single-threaded approach D) lightweight process

 
 
40)  A _________ is a single execution path with an execution stack, processor state, and scheduling
information.
 

  1. A) domain B) strand
  2. C) thread D) message

 
 
 
41) A __________ is a dispatchable unit of work that executes sequentially and is interruptible
so that the processor can turn to another thread.
 

  1. A) port B) process
  2. C) token D) thread

 
 
42) A __________ is an entity corresponding to a user job or application that owns resources
such as memory and open files.
 

  1. A) task B) process
  2. C) thread D) token

 
 
 
43) A Windows process must contain at least _________ thread(s) to execute.
 

  1. A) four B) three
  2. C) two D) one

 
 
 
TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS:
 
T             F              44) The central themes of operating system design are all concerned with the
management of processes and threads.
 
T             F              45) It is possible in a single-processor system to not only interleave the execution
of multiple processes but also to overlap them.
 
T             F              46) Concurrent processes do not come into conflict with each other when they are
competing for the use of the same resource.
 
T             F              47) A process that is waiting for access to a critical section does not consume
processor time.
 
T             F              48) It is possible for one process to lock the mutex and for another process to
unlock it.
 
 
 
49)  The management of multiple processes within a uniprocessor system is __________ .
 

  1. A) multiprogramming B) structured applications
  2. C) distributed processing D) multiprocessing

 
 
50)  A situation in which a runnable process is overlooked indefinitely by the scheduler,
although it is able to proceed, is _________ .
 

  1. A) mutual exclusion B) deadlock
  2. C) starvation D) livelock

 
 
51) A _________ is an integer value used for signaling among processes.
 

  1. A) semaphore B) message
  2. C) mutex D) atomic operation

 
 

  • A situation in which two or more processes are unable to proceed because each is waiting for one of the others to do something is a _____deadlock___ .

 
 
 
 
TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS:
 
 
T             F              53) All deadlocks involve conflicting needs for resources by two or more processes.
 
T             F              54) For deadlock to occur, there must not only be a fatal region, but also a sequence of
resource requests that has led into the fatal region.
 
T             F              55) Deadlock avoidance requires knowledge of future process resource requests.
 
T             F              55) An atomic operation executes without interruption and without interference.
 
T             F              57) Deadlock avoidance is more restrictive than deadlock prevention.
 
58) A set of processes is _________ when each process in the set is blocked awaiting an event
that can only be triggered by another blocked process in the set.
 

  1. A) spinlocked B) stagnant
  2. C) preempted D) deadlocked

 
 
59) Examples of __________ include processors, I/O channels, main and secondary memory, devices,
and data structures such as files, databases, and semaphores.
 

  1. A) regional resources B) joint resources
  2. C) reusable resources D) consumable resources

 
 
 
60) The strategy of deadlock _________ is to design a system in such a way that the possibility of
deadlock is excluded.
 

  1. A) prevention B) detection
  2. C) diversion D) avoidance

 
 
 
TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS:
 
T             F              61) In a uniprogramming system main memory is divided into two parts.
 
T             F              62) The use of unequal size partitions provides a degree of flexibility to fixed
partitioning.
 
T             F              63) In a multiprogramming system the available main memory is not generally
shared among a number of processes.
 
T             F              64) Programs in other processes should not be able to reference memory locations
in a process for reading or writing purposes without permission.
 
T             F              65) Any protection mechanism must have the flexibility to allow several processes
to access the same portion of main memory.
 
 
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS:
 
 
66) Main memory divided into a number of static partitions at system generation time is _______ .
 

  1. A) fixed partitioning B) simple segmentation
  2. C) dynamic partitioning D) simple paging

 
67) Main memory divided into a number of equal size frames is the __________ technique.
 

  1. A) simple paging B) dynamic partitioning
  2. C) fixed partitioning D) virtual memory segmentation

 
 
 
68) One technique for overcoming external fragmentation is __________ .
 

  1. A) loading B) compaction
  2. C) relocation                 D) partitioning

 
 
69) A ___________ is a particular example of logical address in which the address is expressed as
a location relative to some known point, usually a value in a processor register.
 

  1. A) logical address B) relative address
  2. C) absolute address D) physical address

 
 
70) The chunks of a process are known as __________ .
 

  1. A) pages B) addresses
  2. C) frames D) segments

 
 
 
TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS:
 
T             F              72) The size of virtual storage is limited by the actual number of main storage locations.
 
T             F              73) Virtual memory allows for very effective multiprogramming and relieves the user
of the unnecessarily tight constraints of main memory.
 
T             F              74) The smaller the page size, the greater the amount of internal fragmentation.
 
T             F              75) The page currently stored in a frame may still be replaced even when the page
is locked.
 
 
76) The address of a storage location in main memory is the __________ .
 

  1. A) address space B) virtual address space
  2. C) real address                 D) virtual address

 
 
 
 
 
77) __________ is the range of memory addresses available to a process.

  1. A) Address space B) Real address
  2. C) Virtual address D) Virtual address space

 
 
 
78) The _________ states the process that owns the page.
 

  1. A) process identifier B) control bits
  2. C) page number D) chain pointer

 
 
 
79) A _________ is issued if a desired page is not in main memory.
 

  1. A) paging error B) page replacement policy
  2. C) page fault D) page placement policy

 
 
 
80) The _________ determines when a page should be brought into main memory.
 

  1. A) page fault B) fetch policy
  2. C) working set                 D) resident set management

 
 
81)  Complete the table below by putting T or F in each box
(No mistakes = 5 point.  Each mistake = -1 points)

  A    B   A v B      (A or B)   A ^ B (A and B)     NOR        Not (A or B)     NAND                 Not (A and B) Not B Not A   A XOR B
(Exclusive or)
  T   T              
  T   F              
  F   T              
  F   F              

 
 
 
CONVERSIONS
 
82)         11101110=  ________________10               (binary to decimal)
 
 
83)         25510    =  _____________2                                             (decimal to binary)
 
 
 
 
84) (5 points) Using this instruction set:
 
Opcode     Definition
0          Halt
1          ADD
2          SUBTRACT
3          STORE
5          LOAD
6          BRANCH UNCONDITIONALLY
7          BRANCH ON ZERO
8          BRANCH ON POSITIVE
901      INPUT
902      OUTPUT
 
Then looking at this program:
 
Instruction#     code    Description of each action (comment here)
0          901 ____________________________________
01        399 ____________________________________
02        901 ____________________________________
03        199 ____________________________________
04        902 ____________________________________
05        000
99        DAT
 
Question:  What does the above program do?
 
 
 

  1. (5 points) Here’s a sample of how the LRU Algorithm works:

 
SAMPLE ONLY – THIS TABLE IS ONLY A SAMPLE FOR YOU TO LOOK AT
 

Pages needed 2 3 2 1 5 2 4 5 3 2 5 2
frame 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3
frame 2   3 3 3 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
frame 3       1 1 1 4 4 4 2 2 2
F F F F

 
BUT – FILL-OUT THIS ONE BELOW
 
Fill-in the page numbers in the chart below when they’re needed by the LRU algorithm if given
The stream of Pages needed as shown and put an “F” for page fault below this chart where they
would occur (as shown in the SAMPLE above)
 
 

Pages needed 2 3 4 1 3 4 5 3 2 2 5 1
frame 1                        
frame 2                        
frame 3                        

 

_______________________________________________________ Name Here TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS: T F 1) A processor manages the computer operations and data processing functions. T F 2) Data is usually moved between the computer and its outside environment by means of a system bus. T F 3) Typically cache memory is out of view or not accessible to the OS. T F 4) A processor is blocked from executing other instructions if a previously-initiated I/O operation is underway regardless of interrupt capabilities. T F 5) Communications interrupts are blocked during interrupts for printer activity 6) The four main structural elements of a computer system are: A) Processor, Main Memory, I/O Modules and System Bus B) Processor, I/O Modules, System Bus and Secondary Memory C) Processor, Registers, Main Memory and System Bus D) Processor, Registers, I/O Modules and Main Memory 7) Storage place for the address of the instruction to be fetched that will execute next. A) Accumulator (AC) B) Instruction Register (IR) C) Instruction Counter (IC) D) Program Counter (PC) 8) The __________ contains the data to be written into memory and receives the data read from memory. A) I/O address register B) memory address register C) I/O buffer register D) memory buffer register 9) Instruction processing consists of two steps: A) fetch and execute B) instruction and execute C) instruction and halt D) fetch and instruction 10) The ___________ routine determines the nature of the interrupt and performs whatever actions are needed. A) interrupt handler B) instruction signal C) program handler D) interrupt signal Fill-in the blanks 11) The __________ is a device for staging the movement of data between main memory and processor registers to improve performance and is not usually visible to the programmer or processor. 12) External, nonvolatile memory is also referred to as __________________ or auxiliary memory. 13) In a _______________ multiprocessor all processors can perform the same functions so the failure of a single processor does not halt the machine. TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS: T F 14) A process consists of three components: an executable program, the associated data needed by the program, and the execution context of the program. T F 15) Uniprogramming typically provides better utilization of system resources than multiprogramming. T F 16) A monolithic kernel is implemented as a single process with all elements sharing the same address space. T F 17) The user has direct access to the processor with a batch-processing type of OS. T F 18) Multiprogramming us used by batch processing and time-sharing. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS: 19) The __________ is the interface that is the boundary between hardware and software. A) ABI B) ISA C) IAS D) API   20) A(n) __________ is a set of resources for the movement, storage, and processing of data and for the control of these functions. A) architecture B) program C) computer D) application 21) The operating system's __________ refers to its inherent flexibility in permitting functional modifications to the system without interfering with service. A) efficiency B) ability to evolve C) controlled access D) convenience 22) Operating systems must evolve over time because: A) new hardware is designed and implemented in the computer system B) hardware must be replaced when it fails C) hardware is hierarchical D) users will only purchase software that has a current copyright date 23) Hardware features desirable in a batch-processing operating system include memory protection, timer, privileged instructions, and __________ . A) clock cycles B) associated data C) interrupts D) kernels TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS: T F 24) The OS may create a process on behalf of an application. T F 25) Swapping is not an I/O operation so it will not enhance performance. T F 26) If a system does not employ virtual memory each process to be executed must be fully loaded into main memory. T F 27) A process that is not in main memory is immediately available for execution, regardless of whether or not it is awaiting an event. T F 28) The OS may suspend a process if it detects or suspects a problem. 29) It is the principal responsibility of the __________ to control the execution of processes. A) OS B) process control block C) memory D) dispatcher 30) When one process spawns another, the spawned process is referred to as the __________ . A) trap process B) child process C) stack process D) parent process 31) __________ involves moving part or all of a process from main memory to disk. A) Swapping B) Relocating C) Suspending D) Blocking 32) When a process is in the _________ state it is in secondary memory but is available for execution as soon as it is loaded into main memory. A) Blocked B) Blocked/Suspend C) Ready D) Ready/Suspend 33) The _________ is the less-privileged mode. A) user mode B) kernel mode C) system mode D) control mode TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS: T F 34) It takes less time to terminate a process than a thread. T F 35) An example of an application that could make use of threads is a file server. T F 36) Termination of a process does not terminate all threads within that process. T F 37) Any alteration of a resource by one thread affects the environment of the other threads in the same process. T F 38) Windows is an example of a kernel-level thread approach. 39) The traditional approach of a single thread of execution per process, in which the concept of a thread is not recognized, is referred to as a __________ . A) task B) resource C) single-threaded approach D) lightweight process 40) A _________ is a single execution path with an execution stack, processor state, and scheduling information. A) domain B) strand C) thread D) message 41) A __________ is a dispatchable unit of work that executes sequentially and is interruptible so that the processor can turn to another thread. A) port B) process C) token D) thread 42) A __________ is an entity corresponding to a user job or application that owns resources such as memory and open files. A) task B) process C) thread D) token 43) A Windows process must contain at least _________ thread(s) to execute. A) four B) three C) two D) one TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS: T F 44) The central themes of operating system design are all concerned with the management of processes and threads. T F 45) It is possible in a single-processor system to not only interleave the execution of multiple processes but also to overlap them. T F 46) Concurrent processes do not come into conflict with each other when they are competing for the use of the same resource. T F 47) A process that is waiting for access to a critical section does not consume processor time. T F 48) It is possible for one process to lock the mutex and for another process to unlock it. 49) The management of multiple processes within a uniprocessor system is __________ . A) multiprogramming B) structured applications C) distributed processing D) multiprocessing 50) A situation in which a runnable process is overlooked indefinitely by the scheduler, although it is able to proceed, is _________ . A) mutual exclusion B) deadlock C) starvation D) livelock 51) A _________ is an integer value used for signaling among processes. A) semaphore B) message C) mutex D) atomic operation 52) A situation in which two or more processes are unable to proceed because each is waiting for one of the others to do something is a _____deadlock___ . TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS: T F 53) All deadlocks involve conflicting needs for resources by two or more processes. T F 54) For deadlock to occur, there must not only be a fatal region, but also a sequence of resource requests that has led into the fatal
region. T F 55) Deadlock avoidance requires knowledge of future process resource requests. T F 55) An atomic operation executes without interruption and without interference. T F 57) Deadlock avoidance is more restrictive than deadlock prevention. 58) A set of processes is _________ when each process in the set is blocked awaiting an event that can only be triggered by another blocked process in the set. A) spinlocked B) stagnant C) preempted D) deadlocked 59) Examples of __________ include processors, I/O channels, main and secondary memory, devices, and data structures such as files, databases, and semaphores. A) regional resources B) joint resources C) reusable resources D) consumable resources 60) The strategy of deadlock _________ is to design a system in such a way that the possibility of deadlock is excluded. A) prevention B) detection C) diversion D) avoidance TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS: T F 61) In a uniprogramming system main memory is divided into two parts. T F 62) The use of unequal size partitions provides a degree of flexibility to fixed partitioning. T F 63) In a multiprogramming system the available main memory is not generally shared among a number of processes. T F 64) Programs in other processes should not be able to reference memory locations in a process for reading or writing purposes without permission. T F 65) Any protection mechanism must have the flexibility to allow several processes to access the same portion of main memory. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS: 66) Main memory divided into a number of static partitions at system generation time is _______ . A) fixed partitioning B) simple segmentation C) dynamic partitioning D) simple paging 67) Main memory divided into a number of equal size frames is the __________ technique. A) simple paging B) dynamic partitioning C) fixed partitioning D) virtual memory segmentation 68) One technique for overcoming external fragmentation is __________ . A) loading B) compaction C) relocation D) partitioning 69) A ___________ is a particular example of logical address in which the address is expressed as a location relative to some known point, usually a value in a processor register. A) logical address B) relative address C) absolute address D) physical address 70) The chunks of a process are known as __________ . A) pages B) addresses C) frames D) segments TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS: T F 72) The size of virtual storage is limited by the actual number of main storage locations. T F 73) Virtual memory allows for very effective multiprogramming and relieves the user of the unnecessarily tight constraints of main memory. T F 74) The smaller the page size, the greater the amount of internal fragmentation. T F 75) The page currently stored in a frame may still be replaced even when the page is locked. 76) The address of a storage location in main memory is the __________ . A) address space B) virtual address space C) real address D) virtual address 77) __________ is the range of memory addresses available to a process. A) Address space B) Real address C) Virtual address D) Virtual address space 78) The _________ states the process that owns the page. A) process identifier B) control bits C) page number D) chain pointer 79) A _________ is issued if a desired page is not in main memory. A) paging error B) page replacement policy C) page fault D) page placement policy 80) The _________ determines when a page should be brought into main memory. A) page fault B) fetch policy C) working set D) resident set management 81) Complete the table below by putting T or F in each box (No mistakes = 5 point. Each mistake = -1 points) A B A v B (A or B) A ^ B (A and B) NOR Not (A or B) NAND Not (A and B) Not B Not A A XOR B (Exclusive or) T T T F F T F F CONVERSIONS 82) 111011102 = ________________10 (binary to decimal) 83) 25510 = _____________2 (decimal to binary)   84) (5 points) Using this instruction set: Opcode Definition 0 Halt 1 ADD 2 SUBTRACT 3 STORE 5 LOAD 6 BRANCH UNCONDITIONALLY 7 BRANCH ON ZERO 8 BRANCH ON POSITIVE 901 INPUT 902 OUTPUT Then looking at this program: Instruction# code Description of each action (comment here) 0 901 ____________________________________ 01 399 ____________________________________ 02 901 ____________________________________ 03 199 ____________________________________ 04 902 ____________________________________ 05 000 99 DAT Question: What does the above program do?   85. (5 points) Here’s a sample of how the LRU Algorithm works: SAMPLE ONLY – THIS TABLE IS ONLY A SAMPLE FOR YOU TO LOOK AT Pages needed 2 3 2 1 5 2 4 5 3 2 5 2 frame 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 frame 2 3 3 3 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 frame 3 1 1 1 4 4 4 2 2 2 F F F F BUT – FILL-OUT THIS ONE BELOW Fill-in the page numbers in the chart below when they’re needed by the LRU algorithm if given The stream of Pages needed as shown and put an “F” for page fault below this chart where they would occur (as shown in the SAMPLE above) Pages needed 2 3 4 1 3 4 5 3 2 2 5 1 frame 1 frame 2 frame 3

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