Write 2 pages thesis on the topic post-laboratory assignment. Post-laboratory Assignment Step Copper (II) nitrate from copper Molecular Cu(s) + 2HNO3 (aq)= Cu (NO3)2(aq) + H2 (g) Ionic Cu(s) + 2H+ (a
Write 2 pages thesis on the topic post-laboratory assignment. Post-laboratory Assignment Step Copper (II) nitrate from copper Molecular Cu(s) + 2HNO3 (aq)= Cu (NO3)2(aq) + H2 (g)
Ionic
Cu(s) + 2H+ (aq) = Cu+ (aq) + H2 (g)
Step 2: Copper (II) hydroxide from copper (II) nitrate
Molecular
Cu (NO3)2(aq) + 2 NaOH (aq) = Cu (OH) 2(s) + 2NaNO3 (aq)
Ionic
Cu²⁺ (aq) + 2OH⁻ (aq) = Cu (OH) ₂(s)
Step 3: Copper (II) oxide from copper (II) hydroxide
Molecular
Cu (OH) 2 (s) = CuO (s) + H2O (l)
Ionic
Cu (OH) 2 (s) = CuO (s) + H2O (l)
Step 4: Copper (II) sulfate from copper (II) oxide
Molecular
CuO (s) + H2SO4 (aq) = CuSO4 (aq) + H2O (l)
Ionic
CuO(s) + 2H+ = Cu2+ + H2O (l)
Step 5: Copper recovery from copper (II) sulfate
Molecular
Zn(s) + CuSO4 (aq) = ZnSO4 (aq) + Cu(s)
Ionic
Zn(s) + Cu2+(aq) = Zn2+(aq) + Cu (s)
Side Reactions
Molecular
HNO3 (aq) + NaOH(aq) = NaNO3(aq) + H2O(l)
Ionic
H+ (aq) + OH-(aq) = H2O (l)
2.
It could have been due to lack of keenness while conduct the experiment thus erratic measurements besides improper decanting when doing filtration.
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